The dynamic interaction of wheel and rail is a key problem in a railway system. Integrated wheelrail characterization through advanced. Static stress in the wheel treads maximum train speed braking requirements track conditions design and condition of equipment bibliography wheel steel handbook by rail safety and standards board the journal of rail wheel interaction klw wheelco. The term truck warp came into vogue in the late 1980s, when the new 125ton doublestack cars entered rail service, and a significant number of rail rollover derailments occurred. Webster defines warp as to turn or twist out of shape. Modelling of the dynamic contact between a wheel of a.
Rail interaction fundamentals for railway professionals. Wayside measurement of lateral and vertical wheelrail forces. The distribution of forces occurring in the interaction between the wheel and the rail has an influence on the dynamics of a vehicle and a. The wheelrail interface is the contact area where wheelrail interaction between wheels and rails in railways takes place. The rail profiles are measured as the car moves along the track. The outside slip appears on the surface of contact zone and inside slip in the wheel and rail deformed layer of material. Principles course wheel rail interaction conference. Pdf wheelrail interaction due to the polygonal wheel. Kevin oldknow chief engineer, wheelrail interface l. Wheel rail interface handbook is a onestop reference for railway engineering practitioners and academic researchers.
In the darts model, the loads were introduced via hertzian springs traversing a sineshaped railtrack surface, as shown in fig. A curve was selected based on its geometry and history of rail cant. Mechanical engineering 733 january 2011 with 238 reads how we measure reads. Olofssoncrc press boca raton boston new york washington, dc. Sep 30, 2014 characteristics of wheel rail dynamic interaction due to the rail corrugation in a highspeed railway are analyzed based on the theory of vehicletrack coupled dynamics in this paper. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a pdf. Trains is the presenting sponsor of wheel rail interaction. Parametric study on the distribution of longitudinal load in. Jun 29, 2012 the paper is devoted to the experimental, theoretical analysis and computer simulation of influence of elastic properties of contact stiffness and wheel plate stiffness on the forces of vehicletrack interaction. Forces from the wheels with flats can be up to four times higher than those from normal wheels. Wheel flange wear inspections can be done visually, or by manual. This model is employed to investigate dynamic response of wheel rail interaction at theoretical and measured rail weld, including wheel rail force and axlebox acceleration. Wheelrail interaction archives page 2 of 4 interface journal. Characteristics of wheelrail dynamic interaction due to the rail corrugation in a highspeed railway are analyzed based on the theory of vehicletrack coupled dynamics in this paper.
Management on energy savings and sustainability railroad wheels and rails are made of high strength steel. The mechanical properties of the wheel and rail were chosen according to standards. On new effects of wheelrail interaction springerlink. Maintenance of the wheelrail interface sciencedirect. To investigate the relationship between wheel rail forces and rail cant, ns collaborated with ttci to set up a rail cant test site at wills, wv, on nss heavytonnage coal route between bluefield, wv and roanoke, va. The model of the moving irregularity is much easier to use and it is currently utilized for the frequencydomain analysis 5. When damage is contained by a better design of the wheelrail interface, maintenance can be better planned and can become preventive, thereby extending the life of the components of both vehicle and track. Vibration of the whole system is very noteworthy in terms of the servicelife of the components, driving safety and passenger comfort. Rail merge user guide overview rail merge is a din rail mounted product that merges two dmx inputs to one dmx output. But among them, major categories consistently emerge.
Designed for both rail transit and heavy haul seminar attendees, the principles of wheelrail interaction course is an intensive, fullday course providing indepth examination of the primary aspects of wheel rail and vehicletrack interaction. A controllable transverse profile is ground using stones that rotate about an axis normal to the rail, each of which produces a facet at a specified angle figs 20. Three types of wheels are considered with different contact stiffness and wheelplate design. Development of an onboard measurement system for railway. Restricting the field to papers dealing with mutual wheel rail interaction measurements and discarding those dealing with instrumented wheelsets, all of them indicate that electric resistance strain gauges er attached to the rail are the most appropriate sensor to detect rail deformation from which loads may be. The importance of wheelrail interface on energy savings.
Professor in charge of thesis on behalf of the advisory committee approved. Metallurgy, wheelrail profile design and maintenance. Wheelrail interface handbook is a onestop reference for railway engineering practitioners and academic researchers. This work reports a 3d finite element model of wheel rail rolling contact which can simulate dynamic wheel rail interaction at arbitrary contact geometry up to 400 kmh.
Properly laid girder rail gauge and check faces wear simultaneously from the outset, with checks on curves being sufficiently robust to accept wear, a fact that anyone can verify by examining. Pdf dynamic analysis of wheel rail interaction using. Foster rail technologies with the assistance of and permission from sahha 2015 technical workshop, birchwood hotel 8 october, 2015. Ambala cantt ludhiana amritsar mainline electric multiple unit m emu. Influences of the corrugation wavelength and depth on the wheelrail dynamic performance are investigated. Wheel rail profiles and vehicle steering behavior are such that the curve can be considered mild the contact area at each wheel tread low rail interface is approximately circular, with a typical radius of 7mm. Numerical tribology of the wheelrail contact tel archives ouvertes. Prediction of rcf damage on underground metro lines. For rail stress and relative displacement calculations a fixed embankment spring can be conservatively used for total displacement checks or for calculating railstructure interaction forces forces imposed on the bridge by a continuously welded rail compare fixed condition and a lower bound embankment stiffness.
Railmerge user guide overview railmerge is a din rail mounted product that merges two dmx inputs to one dmx output. Track and infrastructure failure is the second leading cause of train derailments in the united states. Kevin oldknow chief engineer, wheel rail interface l. Influence of rail, wheel and track geometries on wheel and rail. Dynamic simulation of tramtrain vehicles on railway track. Wheelrail interface handbook is a onestop reference for railway engineering. Railtrack irregularities can be considered as one of the most important sources of loads, generated by a moving train. This is because the wheel and rail deform very little under load, unlike a rubber. Influences of the corrugation wavelength and depth on the wheel rail dynamic performance are investigated.
By bob tuzik for three years running, new york city transit and the federal transit administration have kicked off the annual wheel rail interaction rail transit conference with discussion of the nyctfta research project to explore integrated wheel rail analytics on mtanycts no. Three types of wheels are considered with different contact stiffness and wheel plate design. Using the axle box acceleration data obtained from the. Request pdf wheelrail interface handbook many of the engineering problems of. Tribology of the wheel rail contact aspects of wear, particle emission and. Wheel rail interface rail adhesion from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wheelrail dynamic interaction due to excitation of rail. A timedomain model can be used to study nonlinear interaction between the wheel and rail. The issue of the wheelrail interaction may be solved in two different waysusing either the model of a moving irregularity between a stationary wheel and rail, or the model of a moving wheel along the rail. Analysis of wheelrail interaction using fe software. The wheel flange and rail contact was deemed to have little effect on track longitudinal response, thus the wheel flange was neglected in the fe model. Part one provides the fundamentals of contact mechanics, wear, fatigue and lubrication as well as stateoftheart research and emerging technologies related to the wheel rail interface and its management. This paper highlights the monitoring of wheel rail interaction over rail squat defects. By combining experts within welding swerea kimab, nanotoxicology.
This interaction is a specialist subject covering the design and management of the very high stresses in the small contact area between a steel wheel and steel rail. The conference included a variety of topics related to wheelrail interaction and most of the speeches were focused on smart infrastructure monitoring. For rail stress and relative displacement calculations a fixed embankment spring can be conservatively used for total displacement checks or for calculating railstructure interaction forces forces imposed on the bridge by a continuously welded rail compare fixed condition and. Grinders used on mixedtraffic railway systems typically have at least 32 grinding modules, e. Staying on the rails with vehicletrack interaction volpe. The influence of key factors such as curve radius, different friction conditions, track irregularities and wheel rail profiles on the. Grinders with as few as four modules can be used for special purpose work, such as grinding of switch and. In this paper, wheelflat and rail interaction dynamics is modeled through a finite element model. In this paper, wheel flat and rail interaction dynamics is modeled through a finite element model. Parametric study on the distribution of longitudinal load. Causes of rail cant and controlling cant through wheel. Part 1 3 the wheel rail interface anatomy and key terminology the contact patch and contact pressures creepageand traction forces. In the expressions 1 7, is the local deformation of wheel and rail materials, k the coefficient depending on the geometry of contact bodies and elastic properties of their materials, e 1 the elasticity modulus of the area of wheelrail interaction, w the displacement of the lower edge of the rail, 5. Vibration of the whole system is very noteworthy in terms of the servicelife of the components, driving safety and.
At first, the wheel and the rail with sparse meshes. A fresh wheel flat has the shape of a geometric chord on the wheel circumference. Wheel flanges taper outwards from the tip, meaning that on railways, interaction occurs only after severe wear or if something else is seriously amiss. Many of these derailments and those resulting from equipment failures are attributable to the contact forces that. Understanding the wheelrail interface part one the. The phd researcher ali jamshidi, from the section of railway engineering, attended the conference entitled smart wheelrail interaction held in klosterneuburg, austria, 25th of march 2017. Newton and clark 5 calculated the wheel rail interaction forces caused by wheel flats using a timedomain model in which the linear wheel vehicle and track models interact through a nonlinear contact stiffness.
As a consequence, new joining methods for rails were investi gated. Aug 24, 2015 wheel flanges taper outwards from the tip, meaning that on railways, interaction occurs only after severe wear or if something else is seriously amiss. A lot of the complexity of the wheelrail contact is brought about by the open nature of the system and the constantly varying environmental conditions in terms of, for instance, temperature, humidity and natural contaminants. By the geometrical analysis of wheelrail interaction, carried out in simpack simulation environment, the following characteristics of interaction between the two wheel profiles considered kvv and s1002 and the standard on uic 60 rail profile with an inclination of 140.
This is exactly what happens to a rail truck, or bogie, when it warps. Wheelrail nonlinear interaction with coupling between. Staying on the rails with vehicletrack interaction. Many of these derailments and those resulting from equipment failures are attributable to the contact forces that develop at the wheel rail interface. Aug 24, 2015 with unchecked rail, the only force available to increase direction change is reaction between the misaligned leading outer flange and the gaugecorner of the high rail, that additional stress perhaps becoming sufficient for the wheel to literally climb out of engagement with the gauge face of the outer rail and a derailment ensues. The linearization of wheelrail contact described by mauer 18 can be simplified for small contact angles see fig. Dynamic response of wheelrail interaction at rail weld in. Exemplary simulation of freight car interaction with track which posses one corrugated. Pdf dynamic analysis of wheelrail interaction using. The hertzian model for the most part is sufficient, say within 20% in the calculation of internal stresses and even better with respect to forces and damage. This work reports a 3d finite element model of wheel. Wheel rail interaction call for papers trains magazine. Restricting the field to papers dealing with mutual wheelrail interaction measurements and discarding those dealing with instrumented wheelsets, all of them indicate that electric resistance strain gauges er attached to the rail are the most appropriate sensor to detect rail deformation from which loads may be. Interface journal the journal of wheelrail interaction.
The problem of the interaction between the wheel and the rail, taking into account an increase in loads and velocities, is becoming incredibly important. Wheel rail interaction fundamentals kevin oldknow, ph. These models include the whole life rail model wlrm, previously developed for great britain gb main line tracks, and shakedown theory. Wheelrail interaction analysis tanel telliskivi tritammk 2003. The 24th annual wheel rail interaction conference will be held april 30 to may 3, 2018, at the crowne plaza chicago ohare hotel, in rosemont, ill. Foster rail technologies with the assistance of and permission from sahha 2015 technical workshop, birchwood hotel 8. Read chapter appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail interaction on system performance and maintenance in transit operations. Wheelrail wear and surface cracks request pdf researchgate. Provide background information and important concepts relating to wheel. Saving from elimination of extra 30day cycle of manual wheel. It is configured via an 8way dip switch that enables operation in remote or standalone mode, and numerous userselectable options. By bob tuzik for three years running, new york city transit and the federal transit administration have kicked off the annual wheelrail interaction rail transit conference with discussion of the nyctfta research project to explore integrated wheelrail analytics on mtanycts no.
On some aspects of the wheelrail interaction sciencedirect. Wheel rail interface handbook pdf free download epdf. A fresh wheelflat has the shape of a geometric chord on the wheel circumference. Fundamentals of wheel rail interaction michael roney consultant and retired chief engineer, canadian pacific dr. It is scheduled on september 1 between the rail transit seminar held on august 31 and the. No such compromise can be reached without sustaining a sensible dialogue across the wheelrail interface. As a main part of continuously welded rail track, rail weld widely exists in highspeed railway. Appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail interaction on system performance and maintenance in transit operations unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook.
Fundamentals of wheelrail interaction michael roney consultant and retired chief engineer, canadian pacific dr. Vehicle steering and curving forces the wheel set 30. The inputs are independently isolated with a high level electrical protection. The following five factors have an important influence on the wheel life. Wheelrail interaction due to the polygonal wheel article pdf available in upb scientific bulletin, series d. Q 12 vertical force of the rail and the left wheel of the 1st axle z. Wheelrail interface handbook request pdf researchgate. Wheelrail interaction due to the polygonal wheel 97 in terms of the relative displacements between the rail crosssection and the rail pad, the model of the rail pad has three kelvinvoigt systems with the elastic constants kx, kr and k. The wheel and rail materials properties in real circumstances may significantly differ from these for clean state in the laboratory. A steel wheel requires very little energy to roll on a steel rail. Part one provides the fundamentals of contact mechanics, wear, fatigue and lubrication as well as stateoftheart research and emerging technologies related to. Loading vehicle is used to measure the dynamic rail profiles.
International journal of vehicle mechanics and mobility, 52. Newton and clark 5 calculated the wheelrail interaction forces caused by wheel flats using a timedomain model in which the linear wheelvehicle and track. Welding of these rails is briefly described together with their joining to rail switches and crossings made from austenitic steel. Reducing rail side wear on heavyhaul railway curves based. P x z v f n f n r s w l s kp cp m sl kb b ks cs m w m w kw cw ei, kga, m figure 3. However, shortwave irregularities can easily initiate and develop in rail weld due to the limitation of welding technology and thus rail weld has been a main highfrequency excitation and is responsible for deterioration of track components. Wheelrail interaction fundamentals kevin oldknow, ph.
Wayside measurement of lateral and vertical wheelrail. Flange climb derailment criteria and wheelrail profile. A study on the wheel rail interaction at switch points to reduce derailments in turnouts by samet ozturk approved. Appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail interaction. A study on the wheelrail interaction at switch points to reduce derailments in turnouts by samet ozturk a thesis submitted to the faculty of the university of delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of civil engineering spring 2014. The paper is devoted to the experimental, theoretical analysis and computer simulation of influence of elastic properties of contact stiffness and wheelplate stiffness on the forces of vehicletrack interaction. Mar 25, 2017 the phd researcher ali jamshidi, from the section of railway engineering, attended the conference entitled smart wheelrail interaction held in klosterneuburg, austria, 25th of march 2017. Pdf dynamic analysis of wheelrail interaction using finite.
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